Non-Verbal Communication
Commonly Accepted Interpretations of
Non-verbal Communication in American Culture
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Non-verbal Communication
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Interpretation |
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Facial Expressions |
| Frown |
Displeasure, unhappiness |
| Smile |
Friendliness, happiness |
| Raised eyebrows |
Disbelief, amazement |
| Narrowed eyes |
Anger |
| Blushing |
Embarrassment |
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|
Eye Contact |
| Glancing |
Lack of interest |
| Steady |
Active listening, interest,
seduction |
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Hand Arm Gestures |
| Pointing finger |
Authority, displeasure, lecturing |
| Folded arms |
Not open to change, preparing to
speak |
| Arms at side |
Open to suggestions, relaxed |
| Hands uplifted outward |
Disbelief, puzzlement,
uncertainty |
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|
Body Postures |
| Fidgeting, doodling |
Boredom |
| Hands on hips |
Anger, defensiveness |
| Shrugging shoulders |
Indifference |
| Squared stance or shoulders |
Problem-solving, concern,
listening |
| Biting lip, shifting, jingling
money |
Nervousness |
| Sitting on edge of chair |
Listening, great concern |
| Slouching in chair |
Boredom, lack of interest |
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Clothing |
| Business dress |
Authoritative, conservative |
| Sloppy attire |
Disrespect, lack of
responsibility |
| Casual clothes |
Relaxation |
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|
Proxemics (Physical Space) |
| From physical contact to 18
inches |
Intimate space |
| From 18 inches to 4 feet |
Personal space |
| From 4 feet to 8 feet |
Social space |
| From 8 feet outward |
Public space |
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|
Voice Characteristics |
| Speaking loudly, quickly, and
with clipped enunciation |
Anger |
| Monotone and downward inflection |
Boredom |
| High pitch, fast rate, loud
volume, and upward Inflection |
Joy |
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|
Status Symbols |
| Rare or expensive possessions |
High status |
| Prestigious titles |
High status |
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